Magnificent Views: Landscapes in Jewelry

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Published on

23.03.2022


Magnificent Views: Landscapes in Jewelry

Pforzheim Art Association

What is Land Art?

Belle Epoque Art

Japonisme

Fin de Siècle

The Age of Sensibility

Vienna’s World Fair

Vedute

The Grand Tour

Georges Fouquet

Lluis Masriera

EXHIBITION CATALOGUE

Cornelie Holzach, Katja Poljanac, Harald Stahl
Magnificent Views? Landscape in Jewelry
Schmuckmuseum Pforzheim, 2013
Text in German and English
168 pages, colour images
ISBN 978-3-933924-16-2
Available as book on demand at www.blurb.de


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In jewelry, as well as the fine arts, landscapes have evolved as an autonomous theme. The “Magnificent Views? Landscapes in Jewelry” and “Landscapes, a Matter of Perspectives” exhibitions organized by  Schmuckmuseum Pforzheim and the Pforzheim Art Association at the Reuchlinhaus building explored this familiar yet always novel genre from both a historical and contemporary angle.

Landscapes were first discovered as an autonomous theme and were equivocally depicted, not only in paintings, but also in jewelry. Beginning with symbolic hints in medieval depictions of saints and idyllic backgrounds of antique scenes painted in the Baroque period, landscapes served merely as a backdrop for a very long time.

Examples of contemporary art jewelry demonstrate that even a drab industrial landscape can pique an artist’s interest.

DISCOVERY AND EVOLUTION

In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, landscapes rich in details gradually evolved in the theme of vedute paintings and exquisite miniature enamel paintings and ivory carvings on brooches, lockets, pocket watch cases and dials. These relics served as keepsakes of a Grand Tour, which was an educational travel journey embarked upon by members of the upper and middle classes.

 

Friendship and mourning jewelry created around 1800 was also enhanced with impressions of landscapes. Many pieces featured an altar of friendship, or a grave with an urn flanked by a weeping willow, often complemented by hair. In the Age of Sensibility, a new kind of importance was also attached to personal relationships.

 

Hunter jewelry with true-to-life depictions of wild animals in their natural habitat was also very popular. Carved ivory jewelry depicting such scenes was created in the Odenwald region and was particularly sought after in the mid-19th century and was even presented very successfully at the 1873 World Exhibition in Vienna.

Brooch
Gilt bronze, glass, glass mosaic
Rome or Naples, about 1830
Schmuckmuseum Pforzheim
Photography by Günter Meyer

Friendship and mourning jewelry created around 1800 was also enhanced with impressions of landscapes. Many pieces featured an altar of friendship, or a grave with an urn flanked by a weeping willow often complemented by hair.

VENERATED AND ENDANGERED
With the advent of large-scale middle-class tourism in the Belle Époque period, beautiful landscapes were appreciated as a value in and of themselves for the first time. In the late 19th century, the pleasure of contemplating landscapes made people aware of the fact that their natural surroundings were endangered by industrialization.

 

Famous Art Nouveau artists such as René Lalique, Georges Fouquet and Lluis Masriera created avant-garde jewelry masterpieces that captured the spirit of the Fin de Siècle period, featuring poetic depictions of plants entwined in any form imaginable. Fauna and flora served as sources of inspiration for elegantly pared down landscape images and ornaments. Water, abstractly depicted as waves, and corresponding plants and animals, were frequently recurring motifs. Borrowing exotic stylistic elements from Japanese Art, known as Japonisme, also became fashionable.

 

OBJETS D’ART AND EXPERIENTIAL ENVIRONMENTS
The advent of land art in the 1960s marked the definitive end of landscapes being merely decorative backdrops and the beginning of their status as genuine art objects. This artistic movement drew attention to the close relationship between man and environment, as well as human intervention in ecosystems and the concomitant structuring design processes.

The advent of land art in the 1960s marked the definitive end of landscapes being merely decorative backdrops and the beginning of their status as genuine art objects.

This artistic movement drew attention to the close relationship between man and environment, as well as human intervention in ecosystems and the concomitant structuring design processes.

CAN THEY STILL BE SAVED?
Examples of contemporary art jewelry demonstrate that even a drab industrial landscape can pique an artist’s interest. The focus is usually on individual features such as mountain ranges, plant life, architecture or other attributes of civilization, which serve as abstracted metaphors for certain places, moods, memories and yearnings. The perception of landscapes and nature is reflected upon as an autonomous aesthetic experience, and the resultant creations testify to the artists’ in-depth involvement with nature and our environment in view of the changes they undergo due to human intervention in the modern industrial era.

 

A MATTER OF PERSPECTIVES
The “Landscapes – a Matter of Perspectives” group exhibition staged by Pforzheim’s Art Association presents various positions in contemporary art. The focus, however, is not on romanticizing interpretations of landscapes in the form of projection spaces and places of yearning that we have known since the Romantic period and which are part of our inherent historical knowledge. It’s also not about what is commonly reflected upon by contemporary artists, i.e. the fragility of landscapes and their endangerment by people’s attitude towards nature.

 

The selected works draw our attention above all to individual details and segments, to what has been spatially defined and marked off so as to differentiate landscapes from nature, and thus enable them to become the subject of aesthetic reflection.

 

The artists involved take up this cultural process of topographically parcelling out nature and emphasize it by means of their dissective and transformative focus on individual elements and phenomena related to landscapes. They disassociate horizon lines, mountain tops, patches of grassland, tree trunks, stones and plants from their natural contexts and work on them as isolated entities. They feature and question stereotypical natural phenomena that are representative of certain landscapes, as well as consequential human behavioral patterns.

 

The exhibition presents sculptural installations, objects, videos and drawings by artists including Reiner Maria Matysik, Gesine Grundmann, Stephan Huber, Katrin Ströbel, Julia Wenz, Shruti Mahajan, Monica Ursina Jäger and Katja Pfeiffer, among others. The exhibition is curated by Bettina Schönfelder and Elisabeth Heine.

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